Raw Equity vs. Liquidation Value: Understanding the Difference
It is incredibly exciting to think about cashing in on your home's appreciation. You probably do the quick math in your head before listing your property by taking your home's estimated value and subtracting your current mortgage balance. You assume that the resulting number is the exact cash you will walk away with at settlement.
While it is fun to dream about that big number, it is not uncommon to be a little shocked when you see the actual math. There is a very real difference between your raw equity and your liquidation value. Raw equity is just the home's value minus your loan balance. Liquidation value accounts for all selling fees, local taxes, and prorations to show you the actual cash you get to put in your bank account.
What Are Net Proceeds From a DMV Home Sale?
Net proceeds are the cash a seller receives at closing after all selling costs have been deducted from the sale price. This includes the mortgage payoff, real estate commissions, transfer taxes, property tax prorations, and title fees. In the DC, Maryland, and Virginia market, sellers typically net 91-94% of their sale price, depending on location and commission structure.
I built this calculator to help you stop guessing and see exactly what your net proceeds will look like.
Seller Net Proceeds Calculator
Estimate your cash at closing when selling a home in Maryland, Virginia, or Washington, DC
Understanding Your Net Proceeds Calculation
To get an accurate picture of your liquidation value, you have to account for every fee involved in the transaction. Here is exactly what is included in the calculator and how the math works behind the scenes.
Sale Price
This is the gross amount the buyer has agreed to pay for your home. Everything else is deducted from this top-line number.
Mortgage Payoff and the Extra Month Rule
You might notice the calculator asks for your current principal balance and your monthly principal and interest payment. Why do we add one full monthly payment to your payoff? Your mortgage balance reflects the principal amount owed on the first day of the month. When you sell your home, interest accrues daily until the settlement company officially pays off your loan. Adding one month's payment creates a safe buffer to cover that daily interest accrual, so you are not caught off guard by a higher payoff amount.
Current Mortgage Escrow Balance
When your mortgage is paid off, the money sitting in your escrow account for taxes and insurance belongs to you. If you call your loan servicer before closing, you can typically get this escrow balance netted directly from the official payoff quote the settlement company uses. Otherwise, your servicer will mail you a refund check approximately three weeks after your settlement date.
Real Estate Commissions
This is typically the largest single fee when selling a home. The commission compensates the real estate agents involved in marketing and facilitating the sale. While commissions are always negotiable, they generally range from 4% to 6% of the sale price. For 2025 and 2026, the average real estate commission is hovering around 5.5%.
Transfer and Recordation Taxes (DC, MD, VA Specifics)
Depending on where you live in the DMV, the local government requires a tax to transfer the deed. In Washington, DC, sellers pay a transfer tax based on the sale price: 1.1% for homes under $400,000 and 1.45% for homes over $400,000.
Maryland county rates range from 0.5% in Calvert County to over 1.5% in Baltimore City. Anne Arundel County at 0.85% before their mansion tax, Montgomery County is on a tiered scale, and counties like Prince George's are fixed at 0.975%.
In Virginia, the seller's side of the transfer tax is minimal compared to the buyer's recordation tax, and the calculator adjusts accordingly.
Property Tax Prorations
Your closing month dictates who owes what for property taxes. In Maryland, you prepay your taxes. That means when you sell the home, the buyer will reimburse you for the period of time which they own the property during that tax period. As an example, if the tax bill was paid in December through the end of June, and you are closing in March, the buyer would need to reimburse you for the taxes paid from the settlement date in March through June, which is a little over three months.
Note: Closings in July and August in Maryland are a special case. The semi-annual bill has been issued but the lender has often not yet paid it, so sellers are typically charged one to two months of taxes at settlement rather than receiving a credit.
In DC and Virginia, you pay taxes in arrears. That means you need to reimburse the buyer for the time you have lived in the home during that six-month tax cycle.
Seller Closing Cost Credits
If you agree to pay a portion of the buyer's closing costs to secure the contract, those seller credits come directly out of your net proceeds. While not completely common in every market and sale price, your realtor will be able to let you know what is typical, given the state of the market. In 2022, when rates were jumping quickly, we noticed seller credits became more of a standard. In 2026, it is much more mixed by location and price point, but generally not as pervasive.
Miscellaneous Title and Preparation Fees
Selling a home often comes with a handful of extra costs required to get the property ready or finalize the deal. This field accounts for those extra line items. Staging your home could cost around $2,500. You might also have minor construction repairs, like painting, flooring, or minor renovations. During the transaction, you may encounter home inspection negotiations that require you to offer a repair credit. You will also owe administrative settlement fees to the title company, which usually run around $500.
Planning Your Next Move in the DMV
If you are looking at this calculator and running numbers, you are likely planning a move and might be a little worried about how to navigate the process. Buying and selling at the same time can feel overwhelming, but we are experts at laying out all the possibilities so you can make the transition smoothly.
Depending on your situation, you might want to check out our Move-Up Buyer Tax Savings Calculator to see how a new mortgage impacts your take-home pay. If your equity is tied up and you need to move quickly, read our guide on How to Buy Before You Sell, or explore how a Bridge Loan can help you make a winning, non-contingent offer. We are here to help you map out the perfect strategy for your next home.
What Can Your Equity Buy?
You know what you'll walk away with. Now, apply your net proceeds as a down payment in our local calculators to see your exact, county-specific closing costs and true buying power.
Already closed on your next home? Then your net proceeds number above is exactly the lump sum our Mortgage Recast Calculator needs. Drop it in to see your new payment.
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